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杰克伦敦是个什么样的人
杰克·伦敦是美国著名的现实主义作家。他的作品不仅在美国本土广泛流传，而且受到世界各国人民的欢迎。 杰克·伦敦于1876年1月12日出生在美国加利福尼亚州一个破产的农民家庭。他没有机会系统地学习，只能靠勤奋和毅力自学成材。标志着杰克·伦敦现实主义倾向的作品是他的报告文学《深中的人们》。这部作品是他以报社记者的身份访问英国首都伦敦后写成的。1905年，杰克·伦敦以社会党党员的身份参加了工人运动。这期间，他的创作达到了高峰，出现了大量以反抗资本主义、帝国主义社会为主题的作品和政论文。 杰克·伦敦24岁开写作，去世时年仅40岁，16年中他共写成长篇小说19部，短篇小说150多篇，还写了3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。这些作品在美国以及世界其他国家都产生了深刻的影响。杰克·伦敦的创作生涯是短暂的，但他靠顽强学习，刻苦写作，赢得了时间和生命。 主打推荐 《杰克·伦敦的青少年时代》，祝东平/编著，太原：山西人民出版社，1999年出版。 《杰克·伦敦传：马背上的水手》，(美)欧文·斯通(Irving Stone)/著；褚律元/译，北京：北京十月文艺出版社，1999年出版。 《杰克·伦敦作品选（中英对照）》，(美)杰克·伦敦(Jack London)/著；雷鸣/译注，天津：天津人民出版社，2001年出版。 《杰克·伦敦作品精粹》，(美)杰克·伦敦(Jack London)/著；雨宁/选编，石家庄：河北教育出版社，1993年出版。 深入读本 《杰克·伦敦中短篇小说精选》，(美)杰克·伦敦(Jack London)/著；陆伟民/译，南昌：百花洲文艺出版社；沈阳：沈阳出版社，1996年出版。 《杰克·伦敦文集》，(美)杰克·伦敦(Jack London)/著；胡家峦/主编王纬等/译，石家庄：河北教育出版社，2000年出版。 《杰克·伦敦研究》，李淑言、吴冰/编选，桂：漓江出版社，1988年出版。 《杰克·伦敦和他的小说》，漆以凯/著，北京：北京出版社，1981年出版。 《美国文学》，左金梅/主编，青岛：青岛海洋大学出版社，2000年出版。 延伸读本 《新编美国文学史》，刘海平、王守仁/主编；张冲/著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000年出版。 《20世纪美国文学史》，杨任敬/著，青岛：青岛出版社，1999年出版。 《中国文化对美国文学的影响》，刘岩/著，石家庄：河北人民出版社，1999年出版。 《美国小说家述评》，王誉公等/著，济南：山东大学出版社，1995年出版。 《美国文学思想背景》，(美)霍顿(Horton,R.)、(美)爱德华兹(Edwards,H.W.)/著；房 炜、孟昭庆/译，北京：人民文学出版社，1991年出版。
杰克.伦敦简介
杰克.伦敦是美国文学史上的一个传奇人物。他于1876年1月生于旧金山的一个破产农民家庭。从小当童工，没受过多少正规教育。 出身卑微`受尽磨难的杰克.伦敦对达尔文的“适者生存”以及斯宾塞的社会达尔文注主意思想推崇备至，认为只有适应社会，做生活的强者才能生存。 同时，杰克.伦敦对尼采的“超人”哲学也很佩服，其绝大多数作品都体现了这几种思想。 杰克.伦敦从1899年以系列短篇小说“北方的故事”步入文坛，一生总共创创作了十九部长篇小说，一百九十七篇短篇小说，三部剧作，还有一些随笔、纪实文学作品。 其中不少作品，如《狼之子》（1900-1902）、《野性的呼唤》（1903）、《深渊中的人们》（1903）、《海狼》（1904）、《白牙》（1906）以及自传体小说《马丁.伊登》（1909）等等，在世界各国广泛流传，为亿万读者深深喜爱。
杰克伦敦的生平有哪些介绍
杰克·伦敦(1876~1916年)，美国作家。生于加利福尼亚的旧金山，他的家境贫寒，一直生活在困苦之中。他自己曾这样写道：“从我9岁那年起，除了在学校度过的岁月外(就连上学也是靠我艰苦劳动的所得支付的)，生活十分艰辛，没有一个是正经职业，全都是繁重的体力劳动”。他做过报童、工人和水手，当过劫取牡蛎的蚝贼，一度曾沦为流浪汉，也曾加入过到阿拉斯加淘金的行列。他一生没有受过正规教育，但他喜欢读书，除了挣钱养家糊口以外，他的大部分时间都花在了读书上。1900年，他的第一部短篇小说集《狼的儿子》出版，获得了评论界的普遍赞赏。他对于冒险、航海、旅行、探险的生活是那样的熟悉，以至于他的优秀作品也都是这类题材的故事：《野性的呼唤》(1903)，《海狼》(1904)，《白牙》(1906)，《热爱生命》(1906)，半自传体小说《马丁·伊登》以及自传体小说《约翰·巴利科恩》(1913)。杰克·伦敦还热心于工人运动和社会活动，发表过社会特写《深渊中的人们》(1903)，论文集《阶级的战争》(1905)，政治幻想小说《铁蹄》(1908)等。
杰克伦敦的主要作品及简介
1、《野性的呼唤》
《野性的呼唤》，又名《荒野的呼唤》（The Call of the Wild），是美国作家杰克·伦敦创作的中篇小说。
作品讲述巴克原是米勒法官家的一只爱犬，经过了文明的教化，一直生活在美国南部加州一个温暖的山谷里。后被卖到美国北部寒冷偏远、盛产黄金的阿拉斯加，成了一只拉雪橇的狗。
该作以一只狗的经历表现文明世界的狗在主人的逼迫下回到野蛮，写的是狗，也反映人的世界。
2、《热爱生命》
《热爱生命》是19世纪末20世纪初美国小说家杰克·伦敦创作的中篇小说，首次发表于1907年。
《热爱生命》通过讲述一个孤独的淘金者在荒原上陷入困境，最后克服困难，得以生存的故事。展现了人性的伟大和坚强，表达了作者对生命的热爱与敬畏。
3、《白牙》
《白牙》是美国作家杰克·伦敦创作的中篇小说。《白牙》的背景是加拿大西北边陲的冰封地带，叙述了一只幼狼如何从荒野中进入人类的文明世界。
这篇小说以白牙几经波折终于由狼变成了狗的传奇般的经历告诉人们：当动物不得不为解救自己而争取活命时，它的生物的本能就会占上风，野性就会起决定作用。
而当人们以仁爱、慈善理解它、对待它时，它的野性就会逐渐得到克制。小说以深刻的哲理意味宣扬了人道主义精神，贬斥了贪婪、凶狠、欺诈的极端利己主义。《白牙》出版于1906年。曾一度成为畅销书。
4、《海狼》
《海狼》是美国作家杰克·伦敦创作的长篇小说。小说描写了在一艘名为“幽灵号” 的以捕猎海豹为生的帆船上发生的一场动人心弦的搏斗和刻骨铭心的爱情故事。
小说中的“狼”不仅是船长拉森的名字，对作者而言，也是超人的代名词，作者通过作品带领读者进入豪放粗犷荒野，体验蛮荒生活的冷酷无情，感受人性凶残的黑暗面和原始生命的光辉。
同时也揭露了资本主义社会的弊端，表现了对劳动人员顽强意志的歌颂和苦难生活的同情。
5、《铁蹄》
《铁蹄》是美国作家杰克·伦敦创作的长篇小说，描写了20世纪必然要产生的无产阶级和资产阶级之间的武装斗争的历史。
该小说塑造了安纳斯特·埃弗哈德——一个组织劳动人民以武装斗争为手段来消灭“铁蹄”垄断统治的社会党革命领袖的形象，他用自己的言论和行动感动了人民、教育了妻子和岳父，甚至象摩尔霍乌斯主教这样的人也成了无产阶级革命队伍中的一员。
参考资料来源：百度百科——杰克·伦敦
杰克伦敦作品选的内容简介
杰克·伦敦（Jack London 1876～1916）美国作家。生于破产农民家庭，从小出卖劳力为生，曾卖报、卸货、当童工。成年后当过水手、工人，曾去阿拉斯加淘金，得了坏血症。从此埋头读书写作，成为职业作家。他共写了19部长篇小说、150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本，以及论文、特写等。早期作品有描写北方淘金者生活的短篇小说集（包括1900至1902年发表的《狼的儿子》等3部集子，通称“北方故事”）；描写伦敦贫民生活的特写集《深渊中的人们》（1903）；描写兽性般残忍和利己主义的长篇小说《海狼》（1904）。作品揭露了资本主义社会的弊端，表现了对劳动人民顽强意志的歌颂和苦难生活的同情，也显示了作者的“适者生存”的社会进化论思想和尼采式“超人”哲学观念。19世纪90年代他参加社会主义运动，1905年后参加社会党的活动，此间创作了一些优秀的现实主义作品，如号召工人阶级抛开幻想、准备坚持长期武装斗争的政治幻想小说《铁蹄》（1908）；描写劳动者出身的现实主义作家因理想破灭而投海自杀的自传体长篇小说《马丁·伊登》（1909）。小说描写了劳动人民的苦难生活，展示了工人阶级的革命斗争，揭露了资产阶级的虚伪、势利和自私，但小说的主人公却是强调个人意志和脱离群众的“超人”。到后期，杰克·伦敦逐渐脱离社会斗争，追求个人享受。虽创作了《一块排骨》（1911）、《在甲板的天蓬下面》（1913）等优秀小说，也写了《埃尔西诺尔号的叛变》（1914）、《红死病》（1915）等诬蔑工人运动及宣扬世界未日的作品。1916年他在精神极度苦闷空虚中服毒自杀。
杰克 伦敦的个人简介
杰克·伦敦(Jack London，1876年1月12日～1916年11月22日),原名为约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦(John Griffith London)，美国著名的现实主义作家。他一生共创作了约50卷作品，其中最为著名的有《野性的呼唤》《海狼》《白牙》《马丁·伊登》和一系列优秀短篇小说《热爱生命》《老头子同盟》《北方的奥德赛》《马普希的房子》《沉寂的雪原》等。 美国小说家。生于旧金山，他来自“占全国人口十分之一的贫困不堪的底层阶级”。大约是个占星术家的私生子，在一个既无固定职业又无固定居所的家庭中长大。是美国著名的现实主义作家。美国传记小说家伊尔文·斯通在他的《马背上的水手》里称他是美国无产阶级文学之父。他的作品不仅在美国本土广泛流传，而且受到世界各国人民的欢迎。他在现代美国文学和世界文学都享有崇高地位。 杰克·伦敦24岁开始写作，去世时年仅40岁。十六年中他共写成长篇小说19部，短篇小说150多篇，还写了3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。这些作品共同为我们展示了一个陌生又异常广阔的世界：那荒凉空旷又蕴藏宝藏的阿拉斯加，波涛汹涌岛屿星罗棋布的太平洋，横贯美洲大陆的铁路线，形形色色的鲜活人物，人与自然的严酷搏斗，人与人之间错综复杂的社会关系…… 杰克·伦敦的创作，笔力刚劲，语言质朴，情节富于戏剧性。他常常将笔下人物置于极端严酷，生死攸关的环境之下，以此展露人性中最深刻、最真实的品格。杰克·伦敦赞美勇敢、坚毅和爱这些人类的高贵的品质，他笔下那“严酷的真实”常常使读者受到强烈的心灵震撼。 伟大的革命导师列宁在病榻上时，曾特意请人朗读小说，其中就有杰克·伦敦的短篇小说《热爱生命》。列宁给予这部小说很高的评价。 他的作品独树一帜，充满筋肉暴突的生活和阳刚之气，最受男子汉的欢迎。有人说在他之前的美国小说大都是为姑娘们写的，而他的作品则属于全体读者，不但普通读者欢迎，就是大家闺秀们也喜欢放下窗帘关上大门偷偷去品味他那精力旺盛、气势逼人的作品。火一样的性格——杰克·伦敦就是这样的性格。他血管里有火，生气勃勃，一身丈夫气，喜欢粗犷强烈的生活，他喜欢叱咤风云，每每参加斗争常要斗争到极限。他把冒险里的困难当做享受，把拓荒中的遭遇当作欢乐。我们在《海狼》里看见了许多的令人荡气回肠的经历，尽管这些已经经过了艺术的折射。 就是在他富裕的日子里，他的生活也是充满冒险的。他买地产，办牧场，种树木，修建豪华的新居，宴请宾客，过着沸腾的生活。
热爱生命杰克伦敦介绍
1、杰克·伦敦（Jack London，1876年1月12日－1916年11月22日），原名约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦（John Griffith London），美国现实主义作家。他一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等。主要作品有：小说集《狼的儿子》，中篇小说《野性的呼唤》、《热爱生命》、《白牙》，长篇小说《海狼》、《铁蹄》和《马丁·伊登》等。 2、杰克·伦敦1876年生于旧金山一个破产农民的家庭。因家境贫困，自幼从事体力劳动．当过童工，装卸工和水手等，后又在美国各地流浪。靠劳动所得曾进加州大学伯克利分校学习，因贫困被迫退学后加入过阿拉斯加等地淘金者的行列。早年坎坷的生活经历为他后来从事创作提供了丰富的源泉，他的创作思想较为复杂，受到过马克思、斯宾塞、尼采等多人影响，在他青年时代的作品中，跳动着向资本主义社会挑战的脉搏，成名后逐渐陷入极端个人主义和空虚中。
杰克伦敦英文简介
杰克·伦敦，美国现实主义作家，他的创作思想较为复杂，受到过马克思、斯宾塞、尼采等多人影响，下面是我为你整理的杰克伦敦英文简介，希望对你有用!
杰克·伦敦简介
Jack London, formerly known as John Griffith London (January 12, 1876 - November 22, 1916), American realist writer. He has written 19 novels, more than 150 short stories and stories, 3 plays and so on. The main works are: novel collection "wolf’s son", novella "wild call", "love life", "white teeth", novel "sea wolf", "iron hoof" and "Martin Eden" and so on.
Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco, a bankrupt family of farmers. Because of family poverty, since childhood engaged in physical labor. When child labor, loading and unloading workers and sailors, and then wandering around the United States. Rely on labor income was admitted to the University of California at Berkeley, because of poverty was forced to drop out after joining Alaska and other gold rush ranks. In the early years of the rough life experience for his later engaged in the creation of a rich source, his creative thinking is more complex, by Marx, Spencer, Nietzsche and other people influence, in his youth works, beating to the capitalism The pulse of social challenges, after the fame gradually into extreme individualism and emptiness, November 22, 1916 taking morphine over death.
杰克·伦敦人物经历
Early experience
Jack London was born on January 12, 1876 in California, a bankrupt family of farmers. In childhood he had the taste of poverty and hardship. At the age of eight, in order to make a living, he had to go to a livestock farm as a shepherd. After the age of 10, he began in San Francisco near the city of Auckland when the newsboy, dock workers, sailors sailors, lin factory workers and so on. During this period, Jack London began to read a lot of novels and other books. At the age of 16, he was unemployed, had to wander in the eastern United States and Canada, living in the slums of the metropolis, and was "unemployed loitering" and arrested and imprisoned, a few months later to regain freedom.
The poor and the lack of joy in childhood made Jack London mature early. Jack London had to work halfway from the age of 10, and whenever possible, he would spend his time reading. At the age of nine, Jack London has been familiar with the Washington Wales wrote the Spanish travel "Al Khan La". He also read some of the novels borrowed from the hired workers, what he caught at what. Jack London 11 years old left the ranch came to Auckland, in the free public library hungry to read the first book can be borrowed. Until 16 years old, he has been working - reading, reading - workmanship. Because the poor Jack London primary school after graduation to work, about 10 years old began to do newsboy and canned workers, in the street fighting in the training of a skill, became a small rogue head. His favorite activity is driving a vessel. At the age of 13, he had been driving the boat through the storm in the San Francisco Bay, others almost hard to believe, but that is the truth. Later, he saved a little money, bought a boat, the original is for fun, and soon after they met the ostrich thieves, they also do not like the cost of doing business. He gathered a group of companions, sailing to steal the San Francisco Bay farmer’s oysters, and even burn someone else’s boats. He fights alcoholism, laughs and races, and battles on hundreds of miles of sea. Soon he met the Bay Patrol, and vice versa to catch the oyster thieves.
At the age of 17 he was on a hunting boat sailor, after North Korea, Japan, to the Bering Sea area to go hunting seals. On the way he passed the cold, storm, the most heavy hard labor training, participated in the hunting of various activities of the seal. Because from childhood in the Gulf to play the boat, he was a boat, in the age of the ship was small but won the praise of the owner and colleagues. But also because of the small beaten, able to participate in the sailors are the most brutal activities, so he paid a lot of friends, listening to many interesting and terrible stories. These are valuable materials of his ocean novels. "Sea Wolf" describes the rich life of the hunting seal ship is a wonderful example. The ocean life was so hard, but he did not forget to read, and when he returned to San Francisco Bay, he had finished the blessing of Lady Flattery and Tolstoy’s Anna Card Lenina ".
The road to literature
Voyage return to his own experience written as a prose "Japanese Haikou typhoon", participated in the "Voice" magazine writing contest, won the first prize, get twenty dollars (second, three are college students) The Jack London, who had only received primary education, showed his creative talents for the first time, thanks to his usual hard work - he carefully read the excellent works of the literary masters and developed the habit of taking notes. Perhaps he is encouraged by this, embarked on the road of literature.
At this time Jack London has been awakened from the early ignorance. He determined to master the most advanced technology: electrical, then to the Auckland tram company to job. He told the manager that he was willing to eat what he was trying to master. The manager allowed him to work for thirteen hours a day, without a Sunday, and he was tired and alive. Then he knew that there were actually two workers who had gone to work at the top of the day. The two men were $ 40 a month, eighty yuan, and he took thirty dollars a month. And a person who went to work by his top because there are three sons to feed, but can not for life, committed suicide. This is a very profound lesson for Jack London, he angrily threw out the hands of the coal shovel.
The hard labor let him know a terrible truth: no matter how strong and strong, ten years, twenty years after there will always be more young and powerful people to take over him, threw him into the garbage heap.
In 1904, he joined the unemployed team from San Francisco to Washington to petition the east coast. He was on the way for some reason out of the team, they steal the train in the North American wandering, with the car police, flight attendants hide and seek, travel around the country, as a pleasure. He was arrested and sentenced to thirty days of hard labor, witnessed the appalling reality of the American prison. After he was released, he steal the train to the west coast of Canada, and then from the sailor south, back to San Francisco. This special form of travel gave him a wealth of life experience, especially the experience of poor tramps. He understood the truth: the most concerned about the poor are often poor people.
He has been interested in reading, even when doing Oyster thieves also read many books on his boat. He began to read a lot. He read the works of Saint Simon, Fourier, and Proudhon, and understood the evil of private property; he even read Marx’s "communist manifesto" and understood how communism was going on.
In order to study he was 19 years old when he entered the Auckland Middle School, ready to test university, while joining the Socialist Party. He attended the workers’ rally, delivered a fierce speech, advocated the destruction of the existing social order, and had been arrested. When he was studying at Auckland High School, he published the novel "Ogasawara Islands" in the school’s newspaper, which lasted two months, so that he was more interested in literature. In 1897, 21-year-old Jack London entered the University of California at Berkeley (UC Berkeley), but after the shortage of funds from Berkeley dropped out of school.
He had hoped to rely on labor for a living, continue to study, but found that it is almost a fantasy. He worked in a laundry workshop, tired and dead, there is no time and energy to study. In his reading dream on the brink of collapse, Alaska found the news of gold, brought him a new hope. In March 1897, Jack London set foot on the gold rush.
He got a little support, and three companions prepared eight thousand pounds of material to prepare for the winter in the Crocker. They had overcome the difficulties before the arrival of the winter, and went through the Yukon River near the Arctic, where he spent the winter.
On the way to the Yukon River Valley, London’s clever craftsmanship gave a wonderful opportunity to perform. They cut their own wood, made two ships, along the Yukon River downstream sailing. On the way they met a turbulent river, many people have tried to pass and fail, that the river is unable to cross the day of danger, but Jack London said he was sure to pass. He really and two companions driving a boat in the crowd of cheers in the Enron through the rapids, and then come back to drive the second boat. This caused a lot of dilemma of the attention of the gold rush, they continue to ask Jack to help the ship through the rapids. Jack London asked each boat for twenty-five dollars in remuneration, he at the helm, and partners together with a scattered wooden boat passing through the dangerous area. They made three thousand dollars for this. They could have earned five more, but they had no time, and they had to go downstream before the winter.
He read many books in the winter camp of Yukon River, such as Darwin’s "origin of species", Spencer’s "primary principle", Marx’s "capital theory", and Milton’s "Paradise Lost" and Brown Ning’s poem. These people in the "sea wolf" to see the sea wolf Larsen read, and Fan Weiden, Brewster discussed.
Unfortunately, they did not have fresh fruit and vegetables, Jack London had scurvy, had to go home. He and his companions drove a ship, with 19 days to finish the 1900 miles range, came to the Bering Strait, from there to return to California. In this period of time he has sketched out some of the outline of the novel, and later wrote out for their own to win the immortal fame, but also to some of the people and the dog’s story widely circulated, which will have "wild call "Rick the dog and some other people. After returning from Yukon, he had a little money and read many books. He read very hard, working 19 hours a day. He read economics, read history and historical writings, read biology, anthropology and philosophy, and read a lot of literary works. In his novel Martin Eden, the hero Martin Eden who saw a very hard study of this extremely hard life.
Jack London’s father died, in order to bear the family life, he began to odd jobs. When looking for work, Jack London wrote "down the river", but the manuscript to return to the. Waiting for the date of rejection, he wrote a twenty thousand outrageous serial novel, but also to return to the. Although the manuscripts were returned twice, Jack London was still out of time to write, continue to write new themes. Finally, "mainland magazine" published his first novel - "Cheers for the hurry", royalties only to the 5 yuan. Soon, "black cat" magazine and out of 40 yuan to write a novel, so, finally have a turn for the better.
Transition journalist
In 1900, Jack London’s first novel collection "The Wolves" was published, immediately for him to obtain a great reputation and considerable generous income. At the invitation of the American News Agency, he went to Africa to interview the Boer War, and in London, the news agency changed the way, calling him not. At that time he was in the United States as a sailor to the London slums lived for more than three months, deep into the life there, made a detailed investigation, made first-hand information, returned after the publication of the newspaper "people in the abyss" The This book made him famous among American socialists.
In 1904 he accepted the Hearst newspaper hiring, to the Far East interview the news of the Russo-Japanese War. He came to Japan, saw the Japanese government deliberately retreating the intention of national journalists, they quietly went to Nagasaki, would like to catch a ship to North Korea to the front, but the Japanese police as a Russian spy caught stand up. After the release he took a small motorboat to North Korea’s Busan. There is no one hundred people on the motorboat food, can not shelter, only in the cold on the deck to sleep. To Busan he got a canopy boat, hired three non-English-speaking Koreans to help, on their own driving skills into the Yellow Sea, along the coast, in the cold forty degrees and the wind Sailed for six days and six nights, and finally arrived in Incheon. At this time he has been black and blue, feet, fingers and ears are frozen, but he took a break after the start again. This time he was riding a horse, for several weeks of horseback march took him to Pyongyang, it was already all the war correspondent can reach the most northern point. Where he was put into jail for the second time by the Japanese. After he was released from prison, he was only forty miles away from the front, from which there was a story and a lot of photos, completed the other journalists did not complete the task. He was again threatened with another arrest until he was intervened by the President of the United States. In the completion of the task of the interview, Jack repeatedly in the cold driving a canopy without sailing, so harsh life has a very personal experience. "Sea Wolf" has a vivid description of this life.
Roaming the world
In 1906, he decided to build a ship, driving himself around the world. He is expected to travel for seven years, a week around the earth, but he is not a good financial home, shipbuilding almost became a joke. That boat originally planned to spend seven thousand dollars, in fact, let him spend a few million, and a lot of problems. He can not wait, relied on his ability to sail on the departure, but he reluctantly to the ship to Hawaii, they had to start repair, after repair has been very difficult to open to Australia. The ship has been unable to move forward, he had to sell it to three thousand dollars low, the end of this time although the romantic but failed voyage.
However, he still created amazing results in that voyage. He had driven the very bad boat from Hawaii to Massachusetts. At that time, the "Pacific Shipping Guide" pointed out that due to the impact of equatorial currents and trade winds, the currents were unusually complicated, and no one had ever traveled, but Jack London had driven a barely repaired ship through his death The He was infected with a strange disease on the way. In the "sea wolf" we read the tropical ocean and trade winds for the poetic description of the material, the material is about from here to get.
Death
